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08-01-2025
OSLO: The Arctic recently made headlines after Donald Trump repeated his desire to buy Greenland. Trump cited national security interests but for many the territory’s vast mineral wealth is the main attraction. Yet economic development elsewhere in the vast polar region has ground to a halt.
Working conditions in the Arctic Ocean are extremely challenging at this time of the year for Norwegian fisherman Sondre Alnes-Bonesmo.
The sun last rose at the end of October, and it is not due to appear in the sky again until the middle of February.
In addition to the endless dark, temperatures can plummet below minus 40C, and storms can bring vast waves.
Alnes-Bonesmo, 30, works two six-hour shifts a day, during five-week tours on a ship called Granit. One of the largest factory trawlers fishing in Arctic waters north of Norway, and off the coast of Greenland, it doesn’t stop for winter.
Unsurprisingly, he prefers the endless daylight of summer. “I do like it when the weather is nice, as we’re not sent crashing into the walls and such, the way we are during storms, when the waves can be fairly big,” he grins in understatement.
Alnes-Bonesmo is a participant in the so-called Arctic “cold rush”.
A play on words with gold rush, it began in earnest around 2008 when a series of reports identified vast mineral and hydrocarbon reserves across the Arctic region. Reserves that, together with large fishing stocks, could continue to become more accessible as climate change reduces ice levels.
This reduction in ice has also increasingly opened up Arctic sea routes, north of the Canadian mainland and Russia.
So much so that, in the decade from 2013 to 2023, the total recorded annual distances sailed by ships in the Arctic Sea more than doubled from 6.1 million to 12.9 million miles. The hope in the longer term is that cargo ships can travel from Asia to Europe and the east coast of the US, through Arctic waters above Canada and Russia but the question Alnes-Bonesmo now asks himself is this, did he arrive too late?
Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 much of the planned economic development of the Arctic region ground to a halt as relations between Russia and the West deteriorated.
“Russia had great plans in the Arctic,” says Morten Mejlaender-Larsen, Arctic operation and technology director from Norwegian firm DNV. His company sets rules and standards for the maritime sector.
“They began constructing regional rescue centres complete with ships and helicopters to facilitate both destination shipping for gas, oil and coal projects in Siberia, as well as for shipping along the Northeast Passage (north of Russia) but “since the invasion of Ukraine, international shipping in the Northeast Passage has all but stopped, apart from a few Chinese ships,” observes Mejlaender-Larsen.
He adds that Norway has also halted oil and gas exploration in the region. “It’s completely stopped,” he says.
“We don’t expect to see any further developments in the Barents Sea north of Bear Island.” This small Norwegian island is some 400km (250 miles) north of Norway’s mainland. Norway’s scaled back ambitions in the Arctic have pleased environmentalists who have consistently warned about the impact of drilling for hydrocarbons on both wildlife and the fragile environment of the polar region.
Last month Greenpeace welcomed the decision of the Norwegian government to stop the first round of licensing for deep sea mining in Arctic waters between Norway’s Svalbard and Jan Mayen islands. (Int’l News Desk)
